It can mean that, but it definitely doesn't automatically mean that. In fact, sometimes smaller jpeg file size actually means BETTER print quality, because it indicates a less noisy file.
So, I hope the article has helped you understand why your jpeg files are much smaller than the raw files. That's very natural.
One aspect that the article doesn't discuss, however, is the loss of quality each time you save another jpeg. And this is where you fucked up. It's because of Lightroom, of course, and I sincerely hope that you will abandon that shit very soon.
Next, please read this article and let me know when you have done so.